英语句型分类：五大基本句型(3)

　　5. Come on, or we'll miss the early bus. → If we don't hurry, we'll miss the early bus.

　　【解析】 "祈使句+or+简单句"可转换为"if引导的否定的条件句+主句"的句型；"祈使句+and+简单句"可转换为"if引导的肯定的条件句+主句"的句型。

　　6. She seems to be worried now. → It seems that she is worried now.

　　【解析】 seem是关于内心活动的用语，含有心中所想象的意思在内。seem后接动词不定式，也常用It seems that结构。简单句变为复合句应特别注意它们之间的同义可换性。

　　II. 简单句与简单句的转换

　　简单句本身可以通过对句子成分(包括主语、谓语、宾语、状语和定语)或句型自身的调整来表达相同或相近的意思。常见的转换方法有：① "词与词的转换"(如：反义词的转换、同义词的转换、代词的转换、词性的转换)；② "词与短语的转换"(of属格与's属格的转换、时间表达的转换等)；③"句式与句式的转换"(如：How old is (are)...?与What is sb.'s age?的转换、How do you like...?与What do you think of... ? 的转换、"动词 + sb. + sth."与"动词 + sth. + 介词 + sb."的转换等)。

　　7. We spent twenty minutes cleaning the room yesterday. → It took us twenty minutes to clean the room yesterday.

　　8. The motorbike cost him 7,000 yuan last year. → He paid / spent 7,000 yuan for / on (buying) the motorbike last year.

　　【解析】 spend与take都可以表示"做某事花某人多少时间或金钱"。 spend的主语用某人表示； take的主语用it。即"(Somebody)spend some time (in) doing sth. / on sth."这一句型可换成"It takes / took somebody some time to do sth." 句型。两个句型都可表示"某人花若干时间做某事"。但在转换时，应注意语序的变化，尤其是前一个句型中(in) doing或on sth.，在后一个句型中应改为to do sth.。"spend...doing sth."相当于pay...for, 它们之间可转换使用。